Which cellular organelle is responsible for ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotic cells?

• A. Lysosome
• B. Golgi apparatus
• C. Mitochondrion
• D. Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the function of ATP production in eukaryotic cells. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy currency of the cell, and its production is crucial for cellular processes.
2. Step 2: Recall the process of oxidative phosphorylation. Oxidative phosphorylation is the final stage of cellular respiration, where ATP is synthesized using energy derived from the electron transport chain and a proton gradient.
3. Step 3: Identify the organelle where oxidative phosphorylation occurs. In eukaryotic cells, this process takes place in the mitochondrion, specifically within the inner mitochondrial membrane.
4. Step 4: Review the roles of other organelles listed in the problem. For example, lysosomes are involved in digestion and waste processing, the Golgi apparatus modifies and packages proteins, and the endoplasmic reticulum is involved in protein and lipid synthesis. None of these organelles are responsible for ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the mitochondrion is the correct answer, as it is the organelle responsible for ATP production through oxidative phosphorylation in eukaryotic cells.