What is the primary function of melanin in humans?

• A. To provide pigmentation and protect against ultraviolet (UV) radiation
• B. To aid in the digestion of carbohydrates
• C. To store genetic information
• D. To transport oxygen in the blood

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of melanin in humans: Melanin is a pigment found in the skin, hair, and eyes. It is produced by specialized cells called melanocytes and plays a critical role in determining pigmentation.
2. Recognize the protective function of melanin: Melanin absorbs ultraviolet (UV) radiation from sunlight, reducing the risk of DNA damage in skin cells caused by UV exposure. This helps protect against skin cancer and other harmful effects of UV radiation.
3. Eliminate incorrect options: Melanin does not aid in carbohydrate digestion, store genetic information, or transport oxygen in the blood. These functions are performed by other biological molecules or systems (e.g., enzymes, DNA, hemoglobin).
4. Focus on the correct answer: The primary function of melanin is to provide pigmentation and protect against ultraviolet (UV) radiation.
5. Conclude with the importance of melanin: Highlight how melanin contributes to human health by reducing UV-induced damage and its role in pigmentation, which varies among individuals based on genetic and environmental factors.