Which statement best summarizes the process of ovulation?

• A. The fusion of sperm and egg to form a zygote.
• B. The duplication of DNA during the S phase of the cell cycle.
• C. The release of a mature egg (oocyte) from the ovary into the fallopian tube.
• D. The breakdown of the uterine lining during menstruation.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the term 'ovulation': Ovulation is a key event in the female reproductive cycle where a mature egg (oocyte) is released from the ovary.
2. Recognize the biological context: Ovulation typically occurs midway through the menstrual cycle, around day 14 in a 28-day cycle, and is triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH).
3. Clarify the process: During ovulation, the mature egg is released from the ovarian follicle and enters the fallopian tube, where it may encounter sperm for fertilization.
4. Differentiate ovulation from other processes: Ovulation is distinct from fertilization (fusion of sperm and egg), DNA replication (S phase of the cell cycle), and menstruation (shedding of the uterine lining).
5. Summarize the correct statement: The best summary of ovulation is 'The release of a mature egg (oocyte) from the ovary into the fallopian tube.'