Which of the following correctly lists the main inputs and outputs of photosynthesis in plants?

• A. Inputs: H\(_2\)O, O\(_2\); Outputs: CO\(_2\), C\(_6\)H\(_{12}\)O\(_6\)
• B. Inputs: CO\(_2\), O\(_2\); Outputs: H\(_2\)O, C\(_6\)H\(_{12}\)O\(_6\)
• C. Inputs: O\(_2\), C\(_6\)H\(_{12}\)O\(_6\); Outputs: CO\(_2\), H\(_2\)O, light energy
• D. Inputs: CO\(_2\), H\(_2\)O, light energy; Outputs: C\(_6\)H\(_{12}\)O\(_6\), O\(_2\)

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Begin by understanding the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the biochemical process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose (C\(_6\)H\(_{12}\)O\(_6\)). This process occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
2. Step 2: Identify the main inputs of photosynthesis. The inputs are carbon dioxide (CO\(_2\)), water (H\(_2\)O), and light energy. These are essential for the light-dependent and light-independent reactions that drive photosynthesis.
3. Step 3: Recognize the main outputs of photosynthesis. The outputs are glucose (C\(_6\)H\(_{12}\)O\(_6\)), which serves as an energy source for the plant, and oxygen (O\(_2\)), which is released as a byproduct into the atmosphere.
4. Step 4: Recall the overall chemical equation for photosynthesis: 6CO\(_2\) + 6H\(_2\)O + light energy → C\(_6\)H\(_{12}\)O\(_6\) + 6O\(_2\). This equation summarizes the transformation of inputs into outputs during the process.
5. Step 5: Compare the given options to the correct inputs and outputs of photosynthesis. The correct answer is: Inputs: CO\(_2\), H\(_2\)O, light energy; Outputs: C\(_6\)H\(_{12}\)O\(_6\), O\(_2\). This matches the chemical equation and the biological understanding of photosynthesis.