In the context of evolution, what does the phrase 'unity and diversity of life' refer to?

• A. All living organisms share a common ancestor, yet have evolved into a wide variety of forms.
• B. Different species have completely separate evolutionary origins with no common traits.
• C. The diversity of life is due to random chance without any underlying unity.
• D. All living organisms are identical in form and function, showing no variation.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that the phrase 'unity and diversity of life' in evolution refers to the concept that all living organisms share a common ancestor, which is the 'unity' aspect.
2. Recognize that despite this common ancestry, organisms have evolved over time into a wide variety of forms, which represents the 'diversity' aspect.
3. Consider the evidence of common ancestry, such as the presence of DNA, similar cellular structures, and biochemical pathways across different species.
4. Acknowledge that evolutionary processes like natural selection, genetic drift, and mutations contribute to the diversity of life forms from a common origin.
5. Differentiate this concept from the incorrect ideas that species have completely separate origins, that diversity is due to random chance without unity, or that all organisms are identical.