What are the tiny holes in the leaves of a plant called, through which gases like carbon dioxide and oxygen enter and exit?

• A. Xylem
• B. Stomata
• C. Chloroplasts
• D. Cuticle

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the function described in the question. The problem asks about the structure in plant leaves responsible for gas exchange, specifically carbon dioxide and oxygen.
2. Step 2: Recall the role of stomata. Stomata are tiny openings or pores found on the surface of leaves, primarily on the underside, that facilitate gas exchange and water vapor release during transpiration.
3. Step 3: Differentiate stomata from other terms provided in the options. Xylem is responsible for water transport, chloroplasts are organelles for photosynthesis, and the cuticle is a waxy layer that prevents water loss. None of these are directly involved in gas exchange like stomata.
4. Step 4: Recognize the importance of stomata in photosynthesis and respiration. Carbon dioxide enters through stomata for photosynthesis, and oxygen exits as a byproduct. Additionally, oxygen enters for cellular respiration, and carbon dioxide exits as a byproduct.
5. Step 5: Conclude that stomata are the correct answer based on their specific function in gas exchange, distinguishing them from the other options provided.