What is one example of biological variation that Darwin observed during his travels?

• A. The consistent size of iguanas across the Galápagos Islands
• B. The uniform coloration of butterflies in the Amazon rainforest
• C. The identical shell patterns of tortoises on all Galápagos Islands
• D. The different beak shapes of finches on the Galápagos Islands

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of biological variation: Biological variation refers to the differences among individuals within a species. These differences can be in physical traits, behaviors, or genetic makeup.
2. Recognize Darwin's contribution: Charles Darwin, during his travels on the HMS Beagle, observed various forms of biological variation that contributed to his theory of natural selection.
3. Identify the specific observation: One of Darwin's key observations was the variation in beak shapes among finches on the Galápagos Islands. This variation was linked to the different food sources available on the islands.
4. Analyze the significance: The different beak shapes allowed finches to exploit different ecological niches, demonstrating how species can adapt to their environment over time.
5. Connect to the broader theory: This observation of finch beak variation was crucial in developing the idea that natural selection drives evolution, as advantageous traits become more common in a population over generations.