Which term describes structures in different species that are similar because of common ancestry?

• A. Homologous structures
• B. Convergent structures
• C. Analogous structures
• D. Vestigial structures

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of homologous structures: These are anatomical features in different species that are similar because they were inherited from a common ancestor. For example, the forelimbs of humans, whales, and bats share a similar bone structure due to shared ancestry.
2. Contrast homologous structures with analogous structures: Analogous structures are features that serve similar functions but do not share a common ancestry. For instance, the wings of birds and insects are analogous because they evolved independently to serve the function of flight.
3. Learn about vestigial structures: These are remnants of features that were functional in an ancestor but have lost their original function in the current organism. For example, the human appendix is considered a vestigial structure.
4. Understand convergent evolution: This is the process by which unrelated species evolve similar traits due to adapting to similar environments or ecological niches. Analogous structures are often a result of convergent evolution.
5. Identify the correct term based on the definition: Since the question asks for structures that are similar due to common ancestry, the correct term is 'homologous structures.'