The diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane is an example of _________ and __________.

• A. facilitated diffusion; exocytosis
• B. active transport; endocytosis
• C. osmosis; passive transport
• D. phagocytosis; active transport

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Begin by understanding the concept of diffusion. Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration, driven by the concentration gradient.
2. Step 2: Recognize that the diffusion of water specifically through a semipermeable membrane is called osmosis. Osmosis is a type of diffusion that involves water molecules moving across a membrane to balance solute concentrations on both sides.
3. Step 3: Understand the term 'passive transport.' Passive transport refers to the movement of substances across a membrane without the use of energy (ATP). Osmosis is a form of passive transport because it does not require energy.
4. Step 4: Eliminate the incorrect options by analyzing their definitions. For example, facilitated diffusion involves transport proteins, exocytosis and endocytosis are active processes requiring energy, and phagocytosis is a form of endocytosis specific to engulfing particles.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is 'osmosis; passive transport,' as it accurately describes the diffusion of water through a semipermeable membrane without energy input.