In which organelle does photosynthesis primarily take place in plant cells?

• A. Ribosome
• B. Nucleus
• C. Mitochondrion
• D. Chloroplast

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the process of photosynthesis. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose. This process requires light, water, and carbon dioxide.
2. Step 2: Identify the organelle responsible for photosynthesis. Photosynthesis primarily occurs in the chloroplast, an organelle found in plant cells and some protists.
3. Step 3: Learn the structure of the chloroplast. Chloroplasts contain thylakoid membranes, where the light-dependent reactions occur, and the stroma, where the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle) take place.
4. Step 4: Compare the functions of other organelles listed in the question. Ribosomes are involved in protein synthesis, the nucleus stores genetic material, and mitochondria are responsible for cellular respiration, not photosynthesis.
5. Step 5: Conclude that the correct answer is chloroplast, as it is the organelle specialized for photosynthesis in plant cells.