Which of the following is common to both aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

• A. Both require oxygen as the final electron acceptor.
• B. Both begin with glycolysis in the cytoplasm.
• C. Both occur exclusively in the mitochondria.
• D. Both produce only carbon dioxide and water as end products.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the key difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration: aerobic respiration requires oxygen, while anaerobic respiration does not.
2. Recall that glycolysis is the first step in both aerobic and anaerobic respiration, and it occurs in the cytoplasm of the cell. Glycolysis does not require oxygen and is common to both processes.
3. Analyze the incorrect options: Oxygen as the final electron acceptor is specific to aerobic respiration, not anaerobic respiration.
4. Evaluate the statement about mitochondria: Anaerobic respiration does not occur exclusively in the mitochondria; it primarily occurs in the cytoplasm.
5. Consider the end products: Aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide and water, while anaerobic respiration produces different byproducts such as lactic acid or ethanol, depending on the organism.