What is the primary purpose of the energy released from ATP hydrolysis in cellular processes?

• A. To act as a structural component of cell membranes
• B. To catalyze the breakdown of glucose during glycolysis
• C. To store genetic information for protein synthesis
• D. To drive endergonic reactions such as muscle contraction and active transport

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of ATP in cellular processes: ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is the primary energy currency of the cell. Its hydrolysis releases energy that is used to power various cellular activities.
2. Recognize the nature of ATP hydrolysis: ATP hydrolysis involves the breaking of the bond between the terminal phosphate group and the rest of the molecule, forming ADP (adenosine diphosphate) and inorganic phosphate (Pi). This reaction releases energy.
3. Identify the types of processes powered by ATP hydrolysis: The energy released is used to drive endergonic reactions, which are reactions that require an input of energy to proceed. Examples include muscle contraction, active transport of molecules across membranes, and synthesis of macromolecules.
4. Eliminate incorrect options: ATP does not act as a structural component of cell membranes, nor does it store genetic information. While ATP is involved in glycolysis, its hydrolysis does not directly catalyze the breakdown of glucose.
5. Conclude the correct purpose: The primary purpose of ATP hydrolysis is to provide energy to drive endergonic reactions, enabling essential cellular processes such as muscle contraction and active transport.