What is the most likely consequence if a DNA molecule copies itself incorrectly during replication?

• A. A mutation may occur in the DNA sequence.
• B. The genetic code will remain unchanged.
• C. The DNA will become double-stranded RNA.
• D. The cell will always immediately die.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the process of DNA replication: DNA replication is the process by which a DNA molecule makes a copy of itself. This involves unwinding the double helix, pairing complementary bases, and synthesizing a new strand using enzymes like DNA polymerase.
2. Recognize the role of DNA polymerase: DNA polymerase is responsible for adding nucleotides to the growing DNA strand during replication. It has proofreading abilities to correct errors, but occasionally mistakes can occur.
3. Define mutation: A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence. If an error during replication is not corrected, it can result in a permanent alteration in the DNA sequence, which is referred to as a mutation.
4. Evaluate the consequences of a mutation: Mutations can have various effects. They may be neutral (no effect on the organism), beneficial (leading to advantageous traits), or harmful (causing diseases or dysfunction). However, the genetic code does not remain unchanged, nor does the DNA transform into RNA as a result of replication errors.
5. Clarify why the cell does not always die: While some mutations can be severe and lead to cell death, this is not always the case. Many mutations are tolerated or repaired, and the cell can continue to function normally.