Which of the following is a by-product of photosynthesis?

• A. Glucose (\(C_6H_{12}O_6\))
• B. Carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\))
• C. Oxygen (\(O_2\))
• D. Water (\(H_2O\))

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the process of photosynthesis: Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose (\(C_6H_{12}O_6\)). This process occurs in the chloroplasts and involves two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle.
2. Identify the inputs of photosynthesis: The main reactants are carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) and water (\(H_2O\)), which are used to produce glucose (\(C_6H_{12}O_6\)) and oxygen (\(O_2\)). Light energy and chlorophyll are also essential for the process.
3. Examine the light-dependent reactions: During these reactions, light energy is used to split water molecules (\(H_2O\)) into oxygen (\(O_2\)), protons, and electrons. The oxygen (\(O_2\)) is released as a by-product into the atmosphere.
4. Understand the role of oxygen (\(O_2\)): Oxygen is not used in the subsequent steps of photosynthesis and is therefore considered a by-product. It is released into the environment, benefiting aerobic organisms.
5. Review the options provided: Glucose (\(C_6H_{12}O_6\)) is a product of photosynthesis, not a by-product. Carbon dioxide (\(CO_2\)) is a reactant, not a product. Water (\(H_2O\)) is consumed during the light-dependent reactions. The correct answer is oxygen (\(O_2\)), which is the by-product of photosynthesis.