Which of the following is known to increase an individual's chances of developing certain cancers?

• A. Consuming a diet high in fruits and vegetables
• B. Exposure to tobacco smoke
• C. Regular physical exercise
• D. Adequate sleep each night

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Understand the question. The problem is asking which factor is known to increase an individual's chances of developing certain cancers. This requires identifying the option that is a risk factor for cancer.
2. Step 2: Analyze each option. Begin by evaluating the first option, 'Consuming a diet high in fruits and vegetables.' Research shows that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables is associated with a reduced risk of cancer due to the presence of antioxidants and other protective compounds.
3. Step 3: Evaluate the second option, 'Exposure to tobacco smoke.' Tobacco smoke contains carcinogens, which are substances that can cause mutations in DNA and lead to cancer. This is a well-documented risk factor for various cancers, including lung cancer.
4. Step 4: Assess the third option, 'Regular physical exercise.' Regular exercise is known to lower the risk of certain cancers by improving immune function, reducing inflammation, and maintaining a healthy weight.
5. Step 5: Consider the fourth option, 'Adequate sleep each night.' Adequate sleep supports overall health and immune function, but there is no strong evidence linking it to an increased risk of cancer. Based on this analysis, the correct answer is 'Exposure to tobacco smoke,' as it is the only option that increases cancer risk.