Which of the following statements correctly describes a similarity and a difference between fermentation and cellular respiration?

• A. Both processes occur in the mitochondria, but fermentation produces more ATP than cellular respiration.
• B. Both processes produce ATP, but fermentation occurs without oxygen while cellular respiration requires oxygen.
• C. Both processes produce carbon dioxide, but fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm while cellular respiration occurs in the nucleus.
• D. Both processes require oxygen, but fermentation produces lactic acid while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Identify the key components of fermentation and cellular respiration: Fermentation is an anaerobic process (occurs without oxygen), while cellular respiration is an aerobic process (requires oxygen).
2. Understand the location of each process: Fermentation occurs in the cytoplasm, whereas cellular respiration primarily takes place in the mitochondria.
3. Compare the ATP production: Cellular respiration produces significantly more ATP compared to fermentation.
4. Analyze the by-products: Fermentation can produce lactic acid or ethanol and carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces carbon dioxide and water.
5. Evaluate the statements based on these characteristics to determine which one correctly describes both a similarity and a difference between the two processes.