Which of the following statements is true about the relationship between alcoholism and genetics?

• A. There is no evidence that genetics influence the risk of developing alcoholism.
• B. Genetic factors can increase an individual's susceptibility to alcoholism, but environment also plays a significant role.
• C. Alcoholism is caused solely by a single gene mutation.
• D. All individuals with a family history of alcoholism will inevitably develop the disorder.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the question: The problem is asking about the relationship between alcoholism and genetics, and requires evaluating the truth of several statements.
2. Step 1: Recall the concept of genetic predisposition. Genetic predisposition refers to the increased likelihood of developing a condition due to inherited genetic factors. However, it does not guarantee the development of the condition.
3. Step 2: Consider the role of environmental factors. While genetics can increase susceptibility to alcoholism, environmental factors such as social influences, stress, and access to alcohol also play a significant role in determining whether an individual develops alcoholism.
4. Step 3: Evaluate the incorrect statements. The statement 'Alcoholism is caused solely by a single gene mutation' is false because alcoholism is influenced by multiple genes and environmental factors. Similarly, the statement 'All individuals with a family history of alcoholism will inevitably develop the disorder' is false because genetic predisposition does not guarantee the development of alcoholism.
5. Step 4: Identify the correct statement. The statement 'Genetic factors can increase an individual's susceptibility to alcoholism, but environment also plays a significant role' is correct because it accurately reflects the interplay between genetic and environmental influences on alcoholism.