What is the main difference between an ecosystem and a community in ecology?

• A. An ecosystem is smaller than a community and includes fewer species.
• B. A community is defined by the physical environment, while an ecosystem is defined by species interactions.
• C. An ecosystem includes both biotic and abiotic components, while a community includes only biotic components.
• D. A community includes abiotic components, while an ecosystem includes only biotic components.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the definitions: In ecology, a 'community' refers to all the populations of different species that live and interact in a particular area. It includes only the biotic, or living, components.
2. Define 'ecosystem': An 'ecosystem' includes both the community of living organisms and the non-living, or abiotic, components of the environment, such as air, water, and minerals.
3. Compare the components: Recognize that the main difference lies in the inclusion of abiotic factors. An ecosystem encompasses both biotic and abiotic components, whereas a community includes only biotic components.
4. Consider the interactions: In an ecosystem, there are interactions not only among the living organisms but also between the organisms and their physical environment.
5. Summarize the distinction: The key distinction is that an ecosystem is a broader concept that includes both living organisms and their physical environment, while a community is limited to the interactions among living organisms.