All of the following participate in DNA replication except:

• A. DNA polymerase
• B. Helicase
• C. Primase
• D. Ribosome

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the context: DNA replication is the process by which a cell duplicates its DNA before cell division. It involves several enzymes and proteins that work together to ensure accurate copying of the genetic material.
2. Review the roles of the listed components: DNA polymerase synthesizes new DNA strands by adding nucleotides to a growing chain. Helicase unwinds the DNA double helix to create a replication fork. Primase synthesizes RNA primers to provide a starting point for DNA polymerase.
3. Recognize the role of the ribosome: Ribosomes are cellular structures responsible for protein synthesis (translation), not DNA replication. They are not involved in the process of copying DNA.
4. Identify the exception: Since ribosomes are not part of the DNA replication machinery, they are the correct answer to the question.
5. Conclude: The correct answer is 'Ribosome' because it does not participate in DNA replication, unlike DNA polymerase, helicase, and primase, which are essential for the process.