Which two organelles are primarily involved in the process of protein synthesis in eukaryotic cells?

• A. Mitochondria and lysosomes
• B. Nucleus and chloroplasts
• C. Ribosomes and Golgi apparatus
• D. Ribosomes and endoplasmic reticulum

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Begin by understanding the process of protein synthesis, which involves transcription and translation.
2. Transcription occurs in the nucleus where DNA is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA).
3. Translation occurs in the cytoplasm where ribosomes read the mRNA sequence to synthesize proteins.
4. Ribosomes are the organelles where translation takes place, assembling amino acids into proteins based on the mRNA sequence.
5. The endoplasmic reticulum, particularly the rough ER, is involved in the folding and modification of proteins synthesized by ribosomes.