How are monoclonal antibodies produced in DNA-based technology?

• A. By using CRISPR-Cas9 to edit antibody genes
• B. By fusing a specific antibody-producing B cell with a myeloma cell
• C. By synthesizing antibodies directly from DNA sequences
• D. By cloning the entire genome of an organism

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of monoclonal antibodies: Monoclonal antibodies are identical antibodies that are produced by a single clone of cells and are specific to a particular antigen.
2. Learn about the role of B cells and myeloma cells: B cells are a type of white blood cell that produces antibodies. Myeloma cells are cancerous cells that can divide indefinitely.
3. Explore the hybridoma technology: This technology involves fusing a specific antibody-producing B cell with a myeloma cell to create a hybrid cell, known as a hybridoma, which can produce large quantities of a single type of antibody.
4. Recognize the significance of hybridomas: Hybridomas combine the desired properties of both parent cells, producing a specific antibody from the B cell and having the ability to proliferate indefinitely from the myeloma cell.
5. Understand the application of monoclonal antibodies: These antibodies are used in various fields, including medical diagnostics, treatment of diseases, and research, due to their specificity and uniformity.