In the process of translation, what does tRNA bring to the ribosome to enable protein synthesis?

• A. Messenger RNA
• B. Ribosomal RNA
• C. Amino acids
• D. Nucleotides

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of tRNA in translation: tRNA, or transfer RNA, is crucial in the process of translation, which is the synthesis of proteins from mRNA. It acts as a bridge between the mRNA and the amino acids that form proteins.
2. Identify the components involved in translation: Translation involves mRNA, ribosomes, tRNA, and amino acids. mRNA carries the genetic code from DNA, ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis, tRNA brings amino acids, and amino acids are the building blocks of proteins.
3. Recognize the function of tRNA: tRNA molecules have a specific structure that includes an anticodon region and an amino acid attachment site. The anticodon pairs with the codon on the mRNA, ensuring that the correct amino acid is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
4. Explain the process of amino acid delivery: During translation, each tRNA molecule is charged with a specific amino acid. The tRNA then transports this amino acid to the ribosome, where it is added to the polypeptide chain in the order specified by the mRNA sequence.
5. Summarize the role of tRNA in protein synthesis: tRNA is essential for decoding the mRNA sequence into a protein. By bringing the correct amino acids to the ribosome, tRNA ensures that the protein is synthesized accurately according to the genetic instructions.