What is the product of translation in the process of protein synthesis?

• A. A polypeptide chain (protein)
• B. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA)
• C. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)
• D. Messenger RNA (mRNA)

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the process of translation: Translation is the second step of protein synthesis, where the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA) is used to assemble a polypeptide chain (protein).
2. Identify the key components involved in translation: These include mRNA (which carries the genetic code), ribosomal RNA (rRNA, which forms part of the ribosome structure), transfer RNA (tRNA, which brings amino acids), and ribosomes (the site of protein synthesis).
3. Recognize the role of mRNA: During translation, the sequence of codons on the mRNA is read by the ribosome to determine the order of amino acids in the polypeptide chain.
4. Understand the role of ribosomes and rRNA: Ribosomes, composed of rRNA and proteins, facilitate the binding of mRNA and tRNA, ensuring the correct amino acids are added to the growing polypeptide chain.
5. Conclude the product of translation: The final product of translation is a polypeptide chain, which folds into a functional protein. This is distinct from mRNA, rRNA, or DNA, which are involved in earlier steps of gene expression.