Which term describes the first plants and animals to inhabit a newly available ecosystem?

• A. Keystone species
• B. Climax community
• C. Pioneer species
• D. Invasive species

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of ecological succession, which is the process by which ecosystems change and develop over time. This includes the establishment of organisms in a newly available ecosystem.
2. Learn the definition of 'pioneer species': These are the first plants and animals to colonize a barren or disturbed ecosystem. They are typically hardy and adaptable, capable of surviving in harsh conditions with limited resources.
3. Differentiate between the given terms: 'Keystone species' are organisms that have a disproportionately large impact on their ecosystem, 'Climax community' refers to the stable, mature stage of an ecosystem, and 'Invasive species' are non-native organisms that disrupt ecosystems.
4. Recognize that pioneer species play a crucial role in initiating ecological succession by modifying the environment, making it more suitable for other species to inhabit later.
5. Conclude that the correct term describing the first plants and animals to inhabit a newly available ecosystem is 'Pioneer species'.