Which factor is required for a population to maintain genetic equilibrium according to the Hardy-Weinberg Principle?

• A. No mutations
• B. Non-random mating
• C. Natural selection
• D. Small population size

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the Hardy-Weinberg Principle: It describes a model where allele and genotype frequencies in a population remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary influences.
2. Identify the conditions required for genetic equilibrium: According to the Hardy-Weinberg Principle, there are five conditions that must be met for a population to maintain genetic equilibrium.
3. List the five conditions: These include no mutations, random mating, no natural selection, extremely large population size, and no gene flow (immigration or emigration).
4. Analyze the given options: Compare each option against the conditions required for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
5. Determine which option aligns with the conditions: The correct factor required for maintaining genetic equilibrium is 'no mutations', as mutations introduce new alleles and alter allele frequencies.