Which thermal property of water is most important in allowing the water cycle to help maintain a balanced climate on Earth?

• A. Low boiling point
• B. High specific heat capacity
• C. High density as a solid
• D. Low surface tension

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the thermal properties of water listed in the problem: boiling point, specific heat capacity, density as a solid, and surface tension. Each property plays a role in water's behavior in the environment.
2. Focus on the concept of 'specific heat capacity.' Specific heat capacity refers to the amount of heat energy required to raise the temperature of a substance by one degree Celsius. Water has a high specific heat capacity compared to most other substances.
3. Recognize that water's high specific heat capacity allows it to absorb and store large amounts of heat energy without undergoing significant temperature changes. This property is crucial for regulating Earth's climate.
4. Connect this property to the water cycle: During processes like evaporation and condensation, water absorbs and releases heat energy, helping to moderate temperature fluctuations and maintain a balanced climate.
5. Conclude that the high specific heat capacity of water is the most important thermal property in this context, as it enables water to act as a thermal buffer, stabilizing temperatures and supporting the water cycle's role in climate regulation.