Which structure of a neuron is primarily responsible for receiving incoming signals from other neurons?

• A. Axon
• B. Node of Ranvier
• C. Dendrite
• D. Myelin sheath

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the basic structure of a neuron: Neurons are specialized cells in the nervous system that transmit signals. They consist of several key parts, including dendrites, axons, the cell body, and supporting structures like the myelin sheath.
2. Learn the function of dendrites: Dendrites are branch-like extensions of the neuron that are primarily responsible for receiving incoming signals from other neurons. These signals are typically in the form of neurotransmitters released at synapses.
3. Differentiate the roles of other structures: The axon is responsible for transmitting signals away from the cell body to other neurons or muscles. The myelin sheath insulates the axon to speed up signal transmission, and the Node of Ranvier facilitates the rapid conduction of nerve impulses along the axon.
4. Focus on signal reception: Since the question asks about the structure responsible for receiving signals, dendrites are the correct answer because they are specialized for this function, with receptors that bind neurotransmitters from other neurons.
5. Conclude with the correct identification: Based on the explanation above, dendrites are the structure of the neuron primarily responsible for receiving incoming signals from other neurons.