What is the primary difference between genotype and phenotype?

• A. Phenotype is the genetic code of an organism, while genotype is the physical appearance.
• B. Genotype is influenced by environmental factors, while phenotype is determined solely by genes.
• C. Genotype and phenotype are interchangeable terms describing the same concept.
• D. Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to the observable traits.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Begin by understanding the definitions of genotype and phenotype. Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, which includes the specific alleles inherited from the parents.
2. Phenotype refers to the observable traits or characteristics of an organism, such as its physical appearance, behavior, and biochemical properties.
3. Recognize that genotype and phenotype are related but distinct concepts. The genotype provides the blueprint for potential traits, while the phenotype is the expression of those traits influenced by both genetic and environmental factors.
4. Consider examples to illustrate the difference: For instance, the genotype might include alleles for eye color, while the phenotype is the actual eye color observed in the organism.
5. Understand that environmental factors can influence phenotype. For example, identical genotypes can result in different phenotypes if the organisms are exposed to different environmental conditions.