Which phrase best describes a biogeochemical cycle?

• A. The breakdown of organic matter by decomposers
• B. The movement of chemical elements and compounds between living organisms and the physical environment
• C. The conversion of solar energy into chemical energy by plants
• D. The process by which energy flows in one direction through an ecosystem

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of a biogeochemical cycle: It refers to the movement of chemical elements and compounds through both living organisms (biotic components) and the physical environment (abiotic components). These cycles are essential for maintaining ecosystem balance.
2. Analyze the first option: 'The breakdown of organic matter by decomposers.' While decomposers play a role in recycling nutrients, this phrase does not encompass the broader movement of elements and compounds between living organisms and the environment.
3. Evaluate the second option: 'The movement of chemical elements and compounds between living organisms and the physical environment.' This accurately describes the essence of a biogeochemical cycle, as it highlights the interaction between biotic and abiotic components.
4. Consider the third option: 'The conversion of solar energy into chemical energy by plants.' This describes photosynthesis, which is a biological process, not a biogeochemical cycle.
5. Review the fourth option: 'The process by which energy flows in one direction through an ecosystem.' Energy flow is a separate concept from biogeochemical cycles, as cycles involve the recycling of matter, not the unidirectional flow of energy.