The direction of ribosome movement during translation is in the ______________.

• A. 3' → 5' direction of DNA.
• B. 5' → 3' direction of tRNA.
• C. 3' → 5' direction of mRNA.
• D. 5' → 3' direction of mRNA.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that translation is the process by which ribosomes synthesize proteins using mRNA as a template.
2. Recall that mRNA is synthesized in the 5' to 3' direction during transcription, and this orientation is crucial for translation.
3. Recognize that during translation, ribosomes read the mRNA sequence in the 5' to 3' direction to ensure the correct sequence of amino acids is added to the growing polypeptide chain.
4. Note that tRNA molecules bring amino acids to the ribosome, matching their anticodons with the codons on the mRNA, but the directionality of tRNA is not the focus here.
5. Conclude that the ribosome moves along the mRNA in the 5' to 3' direction, which is essential for the correct translation of the genetic code into proteins.