Initiation occurs prior to elongation; both are part of the process of:

• A. RNA splicing
• B. Transcription
• C. DNA replication
• D. Translation

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the context of the question: The problem is asking about biological processes, specifically initiation and elongation, which are steps in a larger process.
2. Recall the definitions of the processes listed: RNA splicing is the removal of introns from pre-mRNA, transcription is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template, DNA replication is the copying of DNA, and translation is the synthesis of proteins from mRNA.
3. Focus on initiation and elongation: These terms are commonly associated with transcription and translation. In transcription, initiation involves the binding of RNA polymerase to the promoter region of DNA, and elongation involves the addition of nucleotides to the growing RNA strand. In translation, initiation involves the assembly of the ribosome and mRNA, and elongation involves the addition of amino acids to the growing polypeptide chain.
4. Eliminate incorrect options: RNA splicing does not involve initiation or elongation, and DNA replication uses different terminology (e.g., unwinding, primer synthesis). This leaves transcription and translation as the relevant processes.
5. Determine the correct answer: Since the question specifies initiation and elongation as part of the process, and the correct answer is transcription, this refers to the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template.