Aerobic respiration and photosynthesis are both processes that:

• A. involve the transfer of electrons through an electron transport chain
• B. occur only in animal cells
• C. require light as a direct energy source
• D. produce glucose as a final product

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the key processes involved in aerobic respiration and photosynthesis. Aerobic respiration occurs in both plant and animal cells and involves breaking down glucose to produce ATP, while photosynthesis occurs in plant cells and some microorganisms to produce glucose using light energy.
2. Identify the role of the electron transport chain (ETC) in both processes. In aerobic respiration, the ETC is located in the inner mitochondrial membrane and is responsible for transferring electrons to produce ATP. In photosynthesis, the ETC is located in the thylakoid membrane of chloroplasts and helps generate ATP and NADPH.
3. Eliminate incorrect options by analyzing the requirements of each process. For example, aerobic respiration does not require light as a direct energy source, and photosynthesis does not occur in animal cells.
4. Recognize that glucose is a reactant in aerobic respiration, not a product, while it is a product of photosynthesis. This eliminates the option stating that both processes produce glucose as a final product.
5. Conclude that the correct answer is the option stating that both processes involve the transfer of electrons through an electron transport chain, as this is a shared feature of aerobic respiration and photosynthesis.