Which of the following results from the crossing over of homologous chromosomes during meiosis?

• A. Formation of identical daughter cells
• B. Increased genetic variation in gametes
• C. Production of somatic cells
• D. Reduction in chromosome number

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that meiosis is a type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, resulting in the production of gametes (sperm and eggs).
2. Recognize that homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes containing the same genes, one inherited from each parent.
3. During prophase I of meiosis, homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange segments of genetic material in a process called crossing over.
4. Crossing over results in new combinations of alleles on each chromosome, which increases genetic variation among the gametes produced.
5. This genetic variation is crucial for evolution and adaptation, as it contributes to the diversity of traits in a population.