Which characteristic of sphagnum peatlands is primarily responsible for their ability to inhibit decomposition?

• A. High nutrient content
• B. High levels of sunlight
• C. Abundant oxygen availability
• D. Low pH (acidic conditions)

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the role of sphagnum peatlands in the ecosystem: Sphagnum peatlands are wetlands dominated by sphagnum moss, which creates unique environmental conditions that slow down decomposition.
2. Recognize the factors that influence decomposition: Decomposition is affected by factors such as oxygen availability, nutrient content, sunlight, and pH levels. Each of these factors can either accelerate or inhibit the breakdown of organic matter.
3. Focus on the characteristic mentioned in the problem: The problem highlights 'Low pH (acidic conditions)' as the correct answer. Acidic conditions are known to inhibit microbial activity, which is essential for decomposition.
4. Explain why low pH inhibits decomposition: Acidic conditions in sphagnum peatlands reduce the activity of decomposer organisms, such as bacteria and fungi, because many of these organisms cannot thrive in highly acidic environments. This slows down the breakdown of organic matter.
5. Compare low pH to other options: High nutrient content, abundant oxygen availability, and high levels of sunlight typically promote decomposition. In contrast, low pH creates an unfavorable environment for decomposers, making it the primary factor responsible for inhibiting decomposition in sphagnum peatlands.