Which term describes physical and environmental factors that affect a population regardless of its size?

• A. Carrying capacity
• B. Density-independent factors
• C. Density-dependent factors
• D. Biotic potential

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the key terms in the question: 'Density-independent factors' refer to physical and environmental factors that impact a population regardless of its size, such as natural disasters, temperature, or pollution. 'Density-dependent factors' are factors that vary with population size, such as competition, predation, or disease. 'Carrying capacity' is the maximum population size an environment can sustain, and 'Biotic potential' is the maximum reproductive capacity of a population under ideal conditions.
2. Identify the focus of the question: The question asks for factors that affect a population regardless of its size. This eliminates 'Density-dependent factors,' as they are influenced by population size.
3. Consider the other options: 'Carrying capacity' and 'Biotic potential' are not directly related to environmental factors affecting populations regardless of size. 'Carrying capacity' is about the limit of population size an environment can support, and 'Biotic potential' is about reproduction under ideal conditions.
4. Match the correct term to the description: 'Density-independent factors' are the correct term because they describe environmental influences that impact populations regardless of their size.
5. Conclude the reasoning: Based on the definitions and elimination of other options, the term 'Density-independent factors' best fits the description provided in the question.