Evolution is considered both a theory and a fact because of which of the following?

• A. It is based solely on untestable hypotheses.
• B. There is direct evidence of evolutionary change, and the mechanisms explaining how evolution occurs are well-supported by scientific theory.
• C. It has never been observed in any living organism.
• D. It is widely accepted by the general public and taught in schools.

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the distinction between a scientific theory and a scientific fact. A scientific theory is a well-supported explanation of natural phenomena based on evidence, while a scientific fact is an observation that has been repeatedly confirmed.
2. Recognize that evolution is considered a fact because there is direct evidence of evolutionary change, such as fossil records, genetic similarities, and observed instances of adaptation in living organisms.
3. Understand that evolution is also considered a theory because it provides a comprehensive explanation of the mechanisms driving evolutionary change, such as natural selection, genetic drift, and mutation, all of which are supported by extensive scientific research.
4. Evaluate the incorrect options: Evolution is not based solely on untestable hypotheses; it has been observed in living organisms, such as bacteria developing antibiotic resistance; and its acceptance by the general public or its inclusion in school curricula does not determine its scientific validity.
5. Conclude that the correct answer is based on the combination of direct evidence of evolutionary change and the robust scientific theories explaining the mechanisms behind it.