9. Photosynthesis

C3, C4 & CAM Plants

Types of Photosynthesis in Plants: C3, C4, and CAM

No. This is true, but there is a better response.

Carbon dioxide is prevented from entering the leaf.

In a process called photorespiration, rubisco binds oxygen instead of carbon dioxide.

Oxygen from the light reactions in the leaf builds up.

Consider what can flow though open stomata.

The use of non-C3 and non-CAM plants as crops may be limited in some regions because on hot, dry days, they close their stomata. What happens as a result of closing their stomata?

A plant that opens its stomata only at night is a

Photosynthesis (UPDATED)

C3, C4 and CAM Plant Photosynthesis & Photorespiration

CAM PLANT PHOTOSYNTHESIS ANIMATION

Why is it difficult for C3 plants to carry out photosynthesis in very hot, dry environments such as deserts?
a. The light is too intense and destroys the pigment molecules.
b. The closing of stomata keeps CO2 from entering and O2 from leaving the plant.
c. They must rely on photorespiration to make ATP.
d. CO2 builds up in the leaves, blocking carbon fixation.

How is photosynthesis similar in C4 plants and CAM plants?
a. In both cases, the light reactions and the Calvin cycle are separated in both time and location.
b. Both types of plants make sugar without the Calvin cycle.
c. In both cases, rubisco is not used to fix carbon initially.
d. Both types of plants make most of their sugar in the dark.

How is photosynthesis similar in C4 plants and CAM plants?
a. In both cases, only photosystem I is used.
b. Both types of plants make sugar without the Calvin cycle.
c. In both cases, rubisco is not used to fix carbon initially.
d. Both types of plants make most of their sugar in the dark.

Comparing 3 Types of Photosynthetic Plants

They do not close their stomata in hot, dry weather.

No. They close their stomata under these conditions for protection against water loss.

They evolved in cold weather but migrated to the tropics, where they were more suitable.

No. They almost definitely evolved in a hot climate.

No. Their advantage is that they can continue photosynthesis despite the adaptations they make against water loss.

The same cells that bind carbon dioxide perform the Calvin cycle.

No. They move the fixed carbon dioxide to cells in the inner part of the leaf, where the Calvin cycle enzymes are located.

Unlike C3 plants, they keep fixing carbon dioxide even when the concentration of carbon dioxide in the leaf is low.

Consider the anatomical differences.

Why are C4 plants more suited to hot climates than C3 plants?

When placed at the perimeter of a maze with food in the center, the plasmodial slime mold Physarum polycephalum explores the maze, retracts branches from dead-end corridors, and then grows exclusively along the shortest path possible to the food. How does Physarum do this? One theory is that it leaves behind slime deposits—an externalized “memory” that “reminds” it not to retry dead ends.

Physarum is a plasmodial slime mold, whereas Dictyostelum is a cellular slime mold. Compare and contrast movement by the migrating slug stage of Dictyostelium to the plasmodial stage of Physarum.

CAM plants, CAM pathway and its advantages with examples

Photosynthesis: Comparing C3, C4 and CAM

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