Which evolutionary adaptation enabled plants to grow tall and compete for sunlight?

• A. Production of flowers
• B. Ability to perform photosynthesis
• C. Development of vascular tissue (xylem and phloem)
• D. Formation of seeds

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the problem: The question asks which evolutionary adaptation allowed plants to grow tall and compete for sunlight. This requires identifying a structural or functional feature that supports vertical growth and efficient resource transport.
2. Review the options: Analyze each option provided. Flowers are reproductive structures, photosynthesis is a metabolic process, seeds aid in reproduction and dispersal, and vascular tissue (xylem and phloem) is involved in transport and structural support.
3. Focus on vascular tissue: Vascular tissue includes xylem, which transports water and provides structural support, and phloem, which transports nutrients. These tissues enable plants to grow taller by efficiently distributing resources and maintaining rigidity.
4. Relate to sunlight competition: Taller plants have an advantage in competing for sunlight because they can overshadow shorter plants. The development of vascular tissue was crucial for this vertical growth and resource transport.
5. Conclude the reasoning: The correct answer is the development of vascular tissue (xylem and phloem), as it directly supports the ability of plants to grow tall and compete for sunlight by providing both transport and structural support.