Abiotic factors in an ecosystem do not include which of the following?

• A. Soil pH
• B. Bacteria
• C. Temperature
• D. Sunlight

Answer: (B)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the term 'abiotic factors': Abiotic factors are the non-living physical and chemical components of an ecosystem that influence living organisms. Examples include temperature, sunlight, soil pH, water, and air.
2. Recognize the term 'biotic factors': Biotic factors refer to the living components of an ecosystem, such as plants, animals, fungi, and microorganisms like bacteria.
3. Analyze the options provided: Soil pH, temperature, and sunlight are all non-living (abiotic) factors that affect ecosystems. Bacteria, however, are living organisms and therefore classified as biotic factors.
4. Identify the correct answer: Since the question asks for the option that is NOT an abiotic factor, the correct answer is 'Bacteria,' as it is a biotic factor.
5. Conclude: The distinction between abiotic and biotic factors is essential for understanding ecosystem dynamics. Abiotic factors shape the environment, while biotic factors interact with and depend on these conditions.