In the context of natural selection, how might selection favor individuals that call versus those that do not call?

• A. Calling individuals are less likely to be detected by predators, increasing survival.
• B. Non-calling individuals conserve energy, which can be used for other survival activities.
• C. Calling individuals may attract more mates, increasing reproductive success.
• D. Non-calling individuals are more likely to be chosen by mates due to their stealth.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of natural selection: Natural selection is a process where organisms better adapted to their environment tend to survive and produce more offspring. It is a key mechanism of evolution.
2. Identify the traits in question: In this scenario, the traits are 'calling' and 'non-calling' behaviors in individuals. Each trait has potential advantages and disadvantages in terms of survival and reproduction.
3. Analyze the advantages of calling: Calling individuals may attract more mates, which can lead to increased reproductive success. This is because calling can signal fitness or availability to potential mates.
4. Consider the disadvantages of calling: While calling can attract mates, it may also increase the risk of predation, as predators might detect the calls. This is a trade-off between attracting mates and avoiding predators.
5. Evaluate the advantages of non-calling: Non-calling individuals might conserve energy and avoid detection by predators, which can be beneficial for survival. However, they might miss opportunities to attract mates, which could affect their reproductive success.