How does a neuron transport enzymes produced in the neurosoma to its axon terminals?

• A. By simple diffusion through the cytoplasm
• B. By passive flow through ion channels
• C. By exocytosis at the neurosoma followed by endocytosis at the axon terminal
• D. By fast axonal transport along microtubules using motor proteins such as kinesin

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the structure of a neuron: A neuron consists of three main parts - the neurosoma (cell body), dendrites, and axon. The neurosoma is responsible for producing enzymes and other proteins needed by the neuron.
2. Learn about axonal transport: Axonal transport is the process by which materials are moved between the neurosoma and the axon terminals. This transport can be classified as fast or slow, depending on the speed and type of cargo being transported.
3. Explore the role of microtubules: Microtubules are cytoskeletal structures that act as 'tracks' for the transport of materials within the neuron. They extend from the neurosoma to the axon terminals, providing a pathway for movement.
4. Understand the function of motor proteins: Motor proteins, such as kinesin and dynein, are responsible for moving cargo along microtubules. Kinesin typically moves materials away from the neurosoma (anterograde transport), while dynein moves materials toward the neurosoma (retrograde transport).
5. Connect the process: Enzymes produced in the neurosoma are packaged into vesicles and transported along microtubules to the axon terminals using motor proteins like kinesin. This process is known as fast axonal transport and ensures that the axon terminals receive the necessary enzymes for their function.