Post-transcriptional controls of gene expression __________.

• A. can include translational controls
• B. can include changes to mRNA stability
• C. may involve changes to the rate at which an mRNA is translated
• D. may involve regulation of mRNA splicing
• E. All of the listed responses are correct.

Answer: (E)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand that post-transcriptional control refers to the regulation of gene expression after the transcription process, which is the synthesis of RNA from DNA.
2. Recognize that translational controls are part of post-transcriptional regulation. This involves mechanisms that influence the efficiency and rate at which mRNA is translated into proteins.
3. Consider changes to mRNA stability as another aspect of post-transcriptional control. This involves processes that affect how long an mRNA molecule remains intact and available for translation.
4. Acknowledge that the rate of mRNA translation can be regulated post-transcriptionally. This means that even after mRNA is produced, the cell can control how quickly or slowly it is translated into protein.
5. Understand that regulation of mRNA splicing is a form of post-transcriptional control. Splicing is the process of modifying the pre-mRNA transcript by removing introns and joining exons, and its regulation can affect the final mRNA product and thus gene expression.