Which statement best describes the evolution of hominid structure over time?

• A. Hominid skeletal structure has remained unchanged throughout evolutionary history.
• B. Hominids have always had an upright posture and large brains since their origin.
• C. Hominids evolved from having a stooped posture and long arms to an upright posture with shorter arms and larger brains.
• D. Hominid evolution involved a transition from bipedalism to quadrupedalism.

Answer: (C)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of hominid evolution: Hominids are a group of primates that include modern humans and their ancestors. Over time, their skeletal structure has undergone significant changes to adapt to environmental and survival needs.
2. Recognize key traits of early hominids: Early hominids had a stooped posture, longer arms relative to their legs, and smaller brain sizes. These traits were suited for climbing and living in trees.
3. Identify the evolutionary changes: Over millions of years, hominids evolved to have an upright posture (bipedalism), shorter arms relative to their legs, and larger brain sizes. These changes were crucial for walking on two legs and developing advanced cognitive abilities.
4. Compare the options provided: Evaluate each statement based on the scientific understanding of hominid evolution. Statements suggesting unchanged skeletal structure or a transition from bipedalism to quadrupedalism are incorrect based on fossil evidence.
5. Select the correct statement: The correct answer is the one that accurately describes the transition from a stooped posture and long arms to an upright posture with shorter arms and larger brains, reflecting the evolutionary adaptations of hominids.