Which of the following terms specifically describes the metabolic process of breaking down large molecules?

• A. Catabolism.
• B. Metabolism.
• C. Anabolism.
• D. Dehydration.

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Begin by understanding the term 'metabolism', which refers to all chemical reactions involved in maintaining the living state of cells and organisms. It includes both building up and breaking down processes.
2. Next, differentiate between 'anabolism' and 'catabolism'. Anabolism is the set of metabolic pathways that construct molecules from smaller units, typically requiring energy. It is often referred to as biosynthesis.
3. Catabolism, on the other hand, is the set of metabolic pathways that break down molecules into smaller units and release energy. This process is crucial for providing the energy needed for various cellular activities.
4. Consider the term 'dehydration'. In a biological context, dehydration often refers to the removal of water during the formation of larger molecules, such as during the synthesis of polymers. It is not directly related to the breakdown of molecules.
5. Finally, identify that the term specifically describing the metabolic process of breaking down large molecules is 'catabolism'. This is the correct answer to the problem.