What are nonpolar molecules that cluster away from water molecules called?

• A. Ionic
• B. Hydrophilic
• C. None of the listed responses is correct.
• D. Hydrophobic

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Begin by understanding the concept of polarity in molecules. Polarity refers to the distribution of electrical charge around a molecule. Polar molecules have regions with slight positive and negative charges due to differences in electronegativity between atoms.
2. Next, consider the interaction of molecules with water. Water is a polar molecule, meaning it has a partial positive charge near the hydrogen atoms and a partial negative charge near the oxygen atom. This allows water to interact well with other polar molecules.
3. Identify the term 'hydrophobic'. Hydrophobic molecules are nonpolar and do not interact favorably with water. Instead, they tend to cluster together to minimize their exposure to water, which is a polar solvent.
4. Contrast hydrophobic molecules with hydrophilic molecules. Hydrophilic molecules are polar or charged, allowing them to interact well with water. They dissolve or mix easily in water due to their affinity for the polar nature of water.
5. Conclude that nonpolar molecules that cluster away from water are called 'hydrophobic'. This term describes their tendency to avoid water and aggregate together, minimizing their contact with the polar environment.