Detailed comparison of the human and chimpanzee genomes has revealed that __________.

• A. human and chimpanzee genomes are so similar that they should be considered to be the same species
• B. most differences are in the form of single nucleotide substitutions
• C. chimpanzee transposons are different from human transposons
• D. chimpanzees have more chromosomes
• E. most differences are in the form of chromosomal rearrangements

Answer: (E)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Begin by understanding the context of the problem: it involves comparing the genomes of humans and chimpanzees to identify the primary differences.
2. Recall that a genome is the complete set of DNA, including all of its genes, in an organism. It contains all the information needed to build and maintain that organism.
3. Consider the types of genetic differences that can occur between species: single nucleotide substitutions, chromosomal rearrangements, differences in transposons, and variations in chromosome number.
4. Evaluate each option: Single nucleotide substitutions refer to changes in individual DNA bases, while chromosomal rearrangements involve large-scale changes in the structure of chromosomes.
5. Recognize that the correct answer involves chromosomal rearrangements, which are significant structural changes in the genome that can lead to differences in gene expression and function between species.