16. Regulation of Expression

Review of the Lac Operon & Trp Operon

Gene Regulation

Regulation of Gene Expression: Operons, Epigenetics, and Transcription Factors

Lac and Trp Operon

Lac I is the inducer molecule for the lac operon.

Tryptophan is an inducer molecule for the trp operon.

In the presence of lactose, the lac operon is expressed.

In the presence of tryptophan, the trp operon is expressed.

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

The lac operon is an inducible operon that is normally turned off.

The trp operon is a repressible operon that is normally turned on.

Lactose is the inducer molecule for the lac operon.

Tryptophan is the activator molecule for the trp operon.

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Operon

Lac operon vs Trp operon

 No. Anabolic pathways are generally on unless their product is not needed. Catabolic pathways need to adjust to the available substrate. 

 No. Neither type is permanently on or off. They can both be regulated. 

 No. All parts of the genome are equally susceptible to mutations. 

Think about what catabolic and anabolic pathways do. Is an organism always synthesizing proteins? Is an organism always breaking down the same energy source?

In general, operons that encode the enzymes of a biosynthetic (anabolic) pathway (such as the trp operon) are __________, and those encoding the enzymes of a catabolic pathway (such as the lac operon) are __________.

 No. Operons are not directly involved in regulating bacterial cell division. 

 No. Because glycine is used in protein synthesis, it does not make sense to break it down. 

 No. Sex pili are involved in conjugation, not in regulating the production of glycine. 

 No. The repressor protein is generally present, but it is not activated unless glycine is present. 

What is the point of regulating gene expression in this way?

A bacterium can make the amino acid glycine or absorb it from its surroundings. A biochemist finds that glycine binds to a repressor protein and causes the repressor to bind to the bacterial chromosome, turning off an operon. If it is like other similar operons, the presence of glycine will result in the __________.

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Introduction to Eukaryotic Gene Regulation

Eukaryotic Post-Translational Regulation

Eukaryotic Post-Transcriptional Regulation

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