Which of the following best explains the origin of biodiversity according to the theory of natural selection?

• A. All organisms are created with the same traits, and biodiversity arises from random chance alone.
• B. Biodiversity is solely the result of environmental changes without any influence from genetic variation.
• C. Species remain unchanged over time, and biodiversity is fixed from the beginning.
• D. Natural selection favors individuals with advantageous traits, leading to the evolution of diverse species over time.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Step 1: Begin by understanding the concept of biodiversity. Biodiversity refers to the variety of life forms within a given ecosystem, biome, or the entire Earth, including the diversity of species, genetic variation, and ecosystems.
2. Step 2: Review the theory of natural selection. Natural selection is a process where individuals with traits that provide a survival or reproductive advantage are more likely to pass those traits to the next generation. Over time, this leads to changes in the population and the emergence of new traits.
3. Step 3: Recognize the role of genetic variation in natural selection. Genetic variation arises from mutations, genetic recombination during reproduction, and other processes. This variation provides the raw material for natural selection to act upon.
4. Step 4: Understand how environmental pressures influence natural selection. Different environments favor different traits, leading to adaptation and the evolution of diverse species suited to their specific habitats.
5. Step 5: Conclude that biodiversity arises as a result of natural selection favoring advantageous traits over time, leading to the evolution of diverse species. This explanation aligns with the correct answer provided in the problem.