Which of the following identifies the two factors thought to be the most harmful to biodiversity?

• A. Habitat destruction and invasive species
• B. Overharvesting and mutualism
• C. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration
• D. Predation and nutrient cycling

Answer: (A)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the concept of biodiversity: Biodiversity refers to the variety of life in all its forms, including species diversity, genetic diversity, and ecosystem diversity. It is essential for ecosystem stability and resilience.
2. Identify the factors that can harm biodiversity: Factors that negatively impact biodiversity are those that disrupt ecosystems, reduce species populations, or alter habitats. These include habitat destruction, invasive species, overharvesting, pollution, and climate change.
3. Analyze the options provided: Evaluate each pair of factors to determine their relevance to biodiversity loss. For example, habitat destruction directly removes or alters ecosystems, while invasive species outcompete native species, leading to declines in biodiversity.
4. Eliminate irrelevant options: Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are natural biological processes essential for life and do not harm biodiversity. Similarly, mutualism is a beneficial interaction between species, and nutrient cycling is a natural ecosystem process.
5. Select the correct answer: Based on the analysis, the two factors most harmful to biodiversity are habitat destruction and invasive species, as they directly disrupt ecosystems and species populations.