How are cancer cells different from normal cells?

• A. Cancer cells have a longer lifespan and do not undergo apoptosis.
• B. Cancer cells are more specialized and perform specific functions.
• C. Cancer cells have a reduced ability to metabolize glucose.
• D. Cancer cells divide uncontrollably and can invade other tissues.

Answer: (D)

Verified step by step guidance

1. Understand the basic characteristics of normal cells: Normal cells have a regulated cell cycle, undergo apoptosis (programmed cell death), and have specific functions based on their specialization.
2. Learn about the cell cycle and how it is controlled: The cell cycle is a series of phases that cells go through to divide and replicate. It is tightly regulated by checkpoints and proteins to ensure proper division.
3. Explore the concept of apoptosis: Apoptosis is a process of programmed cell death that helps maintain healthy tissue by removing damaged or unnecessary cells.
4. Identify the key differences in cancer cells: Cancer cells often have mutations that allow them to bypass the normal regulatory mechanisms of the cell cycle, leading to uncontrolled division. They can also avoid apoptosis, allowing them to survive longer than normal cells.
5. Understand the invasive nature of cancer cells: Unlike normal cells, cancer cells can invade surrounding tissues and spread to other parts of the body (metastasis), which is a hallmark of cancer.